Oxidative stress arises when the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) outstrips the capacity of cellular antioxidant systems, leading to damage of biomolecules. Lipid peroxidation is a key ...
4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE) is a major byproduct of lipid peroxidation, a process exacerbated by mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. Accumulation of 4-HNE protein adducts has been reported in ...
The duplication and division of cells is critical to keeping all multicellular organisms alive. But the opposite process is equally important: cell death. Controlled death of cells, or programmed cell ...