Because of the widespread use of pulse-width modulation (PWM), the efficiency of a synchronous buck converter operating in this mode is well understood. However, relatively few designers understand ...

Buck-boost converters are popular solutions to cope with a wide-input voltage range that fluctuates below or above the desired output voltage. The conventional two-switch buck-boost converter offers ...

To illustrate the factors that play a role in a buck converter’s efficiency, the Table below lists the equations used to estimate the most significant power losses. The parameters to minimize for high ...

Figure 1: To keep power-system design simple, ac power is converted to a 48 V, dc-distribution voltage. Each system board converts the 48 V to an intermediate dc-bus voltage, for example 12 V, which ...