The distribution of outermost shell electrons, known as valence electrons, of organic molecules was observed for the first time. As the interactions between atoms are governed by the valence electrons ...

Yield loss is increasingly driven by molecular variability in thin films, interfaces, and contamination rather than visible defects. Reliability issues often appear first as parametric drift or margin ...

A group of researchers at the University of Tokyo have spent years testing the limits of chemical bonds. And now, after years of work, they've finally explored an idea originally proposed in 1931: a ...

A team has reported the first demonstration of selective electrochemical separation driven by halogen bonding. This was achieved by engineering a polymer that modulates the charge density on a halogen ...

“In this work, a comprehensive study on crystal structure and chemical bonding properties of CrB 2 was conducted using a combinatorial of theoretical calculations and experimental validations.