Wave Velocity and Refractive Index The speed of light (c) is a crucial factor in the wavelength formula, often represented as c = λ x f. The refractive index of a medium, denoted by n, also affects ...

For Higher Physics, revise how to calculate the expected direction of refracted rays using Snell’s law. Calculate critical angle given refractive index.

Electromagnetic metamaterials with zero-refractive index for sub-wavelength photonics (Nanowerk News) Materials scientists can produce sub-wavelength artificial structures (split rings, honeycomb ...

Following recent breakthroughs, researchers are laying the groundwork for a “perfect lens” that can resolve sub-wavelength features in real time, as well as a suite of other optical ...

To measure the refractive index distribution in porcine eye lenses for two wavelengths from the visible spectrum: 532 and 633 nm, in order to determine whether there are any discernible wavelength ...

In use, gratings within the sensor are designed only to reflect the same wavelength when a liquid of a particular refractive index is in contact with the exposed grating. Being on the same substrate, ...

Multilayer anti-reflection (MAR) coatings, by contrast, are presented as able to overcome the typical limitations of single-layer coatings, as they have a high and low refractive index, which ...

The design of Sun's lens with gradient refractive index. Second, the lens was manufactured with a 3-D printing technique called projection micro-stereo-lithography. The technique enables a scalable, ...