To create A1 lipid nanoparticles for delivering mRNA to target cells, scientists at the University of Pennsylvania used A3 coupling. A3 refers to the amine–aldehyde–alkyne coupling reaction, which the ...

Lipids are fatty molecules that play critical roles in cell function, including membrane structure, energy storage and nutrient absorption. Most lipids are made in a cell organelle called the ...

Engineers have cooked up a new way to improve mRNA delivery, developing an optimal 'recipe' for ionizable lipids -- key ingredients in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), the molecules behind the COVID-19 ...

The body has to clear away dead cells and other unnecessary or unneeded stuff, and one mechanism that is crucial to the degradation of such materials is called LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP). This ...

Scientists have discovered that the internal shape of tiny drug-delivery particles—called lipid nanoparticles—has a big impact on how well our cells absorb them, paving the way to more efficient ...

Just as a chef perfects a dish by experimenting with flavors and textures, the researchers used an iterative process, testing variations to find the ideal structure for the ionizable lipid. This lipid ...

Penn Engineers have cooked up a new way to improve mRNA delivery, developing an optimal "recipe" for ionizable lipids - key ingredients in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), the molecules behind the COVID-19 ...

Why do cells age—and why do we lose our energy and vitality as we get older? This question is one of the central challenges of modern biomedicine. The focus is particularly on mitochondria—tiny ...

Penn Engineers have cooked up a new way to improve mRNA delivery, developing an optimal “recipe” for ionizable lipids — key ingredients in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), the molecules behind the COVID-19 ...

Penn Engineers have cooked up a new way to improve mRNA delivery, developing an optimal "recipe" for ionizable lipids—key ingredients in lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), the molecules behind the COVID-19 ...