The planetary boundary layer (PBL) is a critical component of the Earth’s atmosphere, governing the exchange of momentum, heat, moisture and pollutants between the surface and the free atmosphere.

Global distribution of the land cover used in the analysis. Compared to the original Copernicus land cover dataset, the number of classes was reduced from 23 to 7. Unlocking the secrets of Earth's ...

A new perspective piece argues that aquatic deoxygenation — the depletion of oxygen in marine and freshwater environments — should be considered its own “boundary” in the planetary boundary framework ...

Difference map of the 200-hPa geopotential height (unit: m) between the control and sensitive (turn off latent heating) experiments based on WRF model during 4‒12 February 2023. The time series is the ...

A first of its kind Planetary Health Check by an international team of scientists indicates that six of nine planetary boundaries are not only transgressed, but are moving further into zones of risk.

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By Bobby Bascomb Scientists have identified nine planetary boundaries that help regulate a livable planet. Human activities have pushed six of those nine critical Earth systems beyond safe limits, ...