Some ciphers have simple keys, others, complex ones. The key for a cipher used by Augustus Caesar, some 2,000 years ago, was simple enough: The receiver just had to shift the alphabet one position.

The lines were encrypted with a polyalphabetic substitution cipher using six symbols for each English letter. A short sample of the original text appears in the illustration.

What Sanchez worked out was a simple monoalphabetic substitution cipher. Each picture shown was a combination of three things: one of eight images (including a butterfly, a seahorse, an apple, and ...

Cold War Russian cipher may finally be solved Date: February 2, 2016 Source: Taylor & Francis Summary: The Soviet VIC cipher used in the early 1950s, long known for being complex and secure, may ...

Its simplicity and its cryptographic strength compared to simple substitution and Vigènere (a polyalphabetic substitution cipher) made it an immediate success as a field cipher, used by the ...