Critics worry that a sweeping ban based on predictions rather than concrete proof of TikTok’s danger sets a precedent in line with repressive regimes.

Justices will hear arguments in two consolidated cases taking aim at the federal law, which requires Chinese-owned ByteDance to divest from TikTok, or else TikTok will be banned from U.S. app stores and from being hosted by American internet service providers.

The U.S. Supreme Court will hear arguments this week in a case challenging a law that seeks to ban the popular app TikTok in the United States if it is not sold by its owner, Byte Dance, which is based in China.