The levator scapulae is primarily innervated by the dorsal scapular nerve, which originates from the C5 nerve root of the brachial plexus. This nerve travels deep to the muscles of the posterior neck and supplies motor innervation to the levator scapulae, along with the rhomboid major and minor. In addition to the dorsal scapular nerve, the levator scapulae also receives contributions from the ventral rami of the C3 and C4 spinal nerves. These cervical nerves provide additional innervation, aidi